Means for making pipe joints



vJuly 30, 1929. M. P. DEMING 1,722,324

MEANS FOR MAKING PIPE JOINTS Filed April 18, 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet l July 30, 1929. o M. P. DEMING 1,722,324

MEANS FOR MAKING PIPE JOINTS Filed April 18. 1928 2 Sheets-Sheen 2 Patented July 30, 1929. V I

. ZUNITEVDQSZIZATE'SI-ZBATENTLPQFFICE.

' Application fi1ed-"April' s, 1928. sena1 ism-270,990.

My invention relates to pipe. joints and -sleeve or enevelope about the two ends of adhas for object to'provide means forzmaking jacent pipe sections in position for making .a-sealed joint-between adjacent lengths or -thefsealyFigureQ is 'a fragmentary cross sections of-pipe in a quick and ready -man section on line 2'2, Fig. 1 Figure 3 is a 5 ner. The pipes to which myinvention resimilar longitudinal section on line 33 of lates are such as are generally tisedfor con- Fig.1 Figure i'is a detail view of one form 60 duits for water, sewage, drainage,- or other of packing ring or gasket; Figure 5 is a similiquids, including tar or oil or the like, and 1 lar view of a modified form of packing or are frequently laid in trenches orundergasket;. Figure 6 is a View showing one 10 ground, but may be laid above ground, or form of-p'acking with'retaining and centercarried on suitable-supportsa Suchpipes lng means;F1gure7 is a'sectional view of 65 may be made of any suitable material or -Fig.- 6; Figure8 is a forni of packing or composition, such as earthenware, stoneware, gasket foruse at the mouth of the bell. vitrified clay, concrete, or reinforced gconf' Theenlarged end or hell of one pipe seccrete or other composition. Such pipes tion is'indicated at 1',- F igs-l and 2, and the are made in convenient lengths orspigot endof the'adjacent pipe section is sections, each section being --enlarged at I indicated at 2. As shown the two pipe secone end to form what is generally known-tionsare shown in position for making or as the bell; the other end of the sealing the j0int,-with the spigot 2 inserted section being generally known as the in'the bell 1. -In order to prevent fluid sealspigot. In joiningthe sections the spigot ing material from escaping from the sealing of one section is inserted within the bell of space in'the bellinto the interior of the pipe, the next section and the space within the I provide-an end packing or gasket 3 on and bell and surrounding the spigot therein is about the-end of the spigot where the same filled with a sealing material. IIeretofore abuts against the shoulder of the bell. This delays and difficulties have occurred in suitpacking or gasket may be of any suitable ably supporting the sectionsin centered or compressible or elastic material, such as axial alinement preparatory, to sealing the papier; mach rfpuIp, rubber, or composijoint, and also to forming atight and homotion, orother suitable packing material. In geneous seal, owing to earth or foreign mat the form shown said gasket is in the form of tor getting into the sealing space and forma flanged ring, =tlie flange portion of which ing a'defect in the seal, or air or vapor from -ove rlaps and surrounds a portion of the hot or molten sealing material becomes cylindrical surfaceof the spigot, and serves caught or occluded in the vseal forming -to-hold the/gasket on the end of the spigot d defects or porosities therein. Also-vari0i s'-while-thesame is being inserted in the bell.

mechanical devices have been employed Also said'flange portion-assists in centering either to close the sealing space, or to sup the spigot in th'ebell, preventing lateral disport the pipe sections, which are more or--=p1acement.- Another; form of packing or less complex in construction or'in their-mode gasket for the end-0f the spigot'is shown in of adjustment or use, and consume time to ;Fig.5, this being of tapered form and seated secure in position; My invention has for its; theend face of the spigot. This tapered 9r object to obviateobjeetions-of the character form of gasket by its flexibility readily mentioned, and to provide'a simple and efli-*adapts itself to the shoulder of the bell to cientmeans for supporting the pipe sections-"form a tight packing. In Figures 6 and 7 in proper relation for forming the joint and a form of packing-or gasket is shown cover- 'at the same time closing the sealingspace ing the end face 'of the spigot, and held in and directing the sealing, material to obtain place thereon by metal or wire clips 4- that a tight and uniform seal in thesealing space "grasp between them the end of the spigot.

and around the spigot. Said wire or metal clips may be of any de- In the accompanyin drawing I'have i1 sired number andspaoed apart circumferenlustrated the various eatures of my'inwn- ;ti ally at desired intervals, according to the tion, it bein understood that the forms 1 size of the A bend or hump 5 is shown are illustrative and {not restrictive.- formed in em "clips which makes contact Figure-J is; a plan. view-'showingthejoint withths-interior of-thebell and acts to can v on the end of the spigot as it ispushed into the bell.

,To support the spigot and hold the same in axial alinement with the adjacent pipe section, and-at the same time to close the at the mouth of the hell, I-

sealing space This enprovide the sleeve or envelope 7 velope or sleeve is substantially bell-shaped,

being formed with an'enlarged portion 8 at one end, theother end 9 being of less diameter. Theintermediate portion of said on velope at 10 .forms a shoulder uniting said end portions. :The larger end 8 of said envelope surrounds and embraces the bell 1 of one pipe section, and the narrower portion 9 otsaid sleeve surrounds and embraces the spigot end of the adjacent pipe section. The end portions 8 and 9 of said envelope preterably taper outwardly from the angles 11 and 12 respectively formed with the shoulder portion. 10. Since pipes of a given rated size vary slightly in diameter of bothbell and spigot, the internal diameter of the sleeve or envelope at the angles 11 and 12 .is made as small as the smallest permissible diameters of spigot and bell of pipe of the rated size, so that the sleeves or envelopes .made for a given size of pipe will closely embrace the spigot and bell, at the lines or angles 11 and 12, of the smallest permissible, or smallest tolerable, pipe of that size. The taperingor flaring ot the envelope outwardly from the anglesll and 12 isindicated at 1 3 {111C114}. The tapering form of? the ends of the sleeve or envelope, as well as the, elasticity of the material of which 1 it is made, will preserve a'closely fitting constriction or joint of the envelope aroun the spigot and bell at lines 11 "and 12 for all tolerable or permissible variations in size of these parts in a givenrated size ofpipe.

As will be apparent, when a spigot of one pipe section is inserted in place in the bell; of its adjacent pipe section with the envelope 7 in position, the latter will inclose thev mouthof the bell and. the sealing space within the bell and. around the inserted end.-

of the spigot, thus forming a closedmold for the sealing material.

For the lIllllOdllCtlOIl of the sealing material within the said sealing space, I provide means in the envelope whereby the sealing material may beinserted through the same,

either by pouring or pumping or. in any.

suitable manner according to the nature and ,of vapor the edge of the bell of the pipe within. Such opening is preferably formed by making two parallel incisions or scores, 15, in the envelope, extending in a circumferential direction. These incisions are joined at one end by; a cross incision 16,so. that the portion of the envelope bounded by said incisions may be readily pushed inwardly, forming a tongue 17, one end of which remains fast to the envelope. The opening l8 is thus formed in the envelope, constituting a gate or aperture through which sealin material may be introduced within the sealing space between the spigot and bell of adjacent pipe sections, while leading'from said opening is the tongue 17 forming a guide or deflector .for the sealing material causing it to flow in one direction only around the spigot and sealing space. In close proximity to said gate opening 18, I provide-another opening or aperture 19, which may be formedin a manner similarto that for forming opening 18, that is by 'incising or weakening the material of the envelope about themes. to be occupied by said opening, so that a suitable portion of the envelope may be readily torn out or otherwise bent aside or removed to form said opening 19. Said opening 19 is provided for a window or sight'opening through which the sealing may be inspected as the sealing material is being introduced. As the sealing-material is being introduced through gate opening 18, it will be deflected away from sight opening 19, flow around the sealing space, and rise to the level of sight opening 19, thus filling the sealing space and completely surrounding the spigot. This opening thusenables the workman to see when the sealing-spacesis filled and whento cut ofi the inflow of sealing material. Opening 19 also serves another ,important purpose in providing a vent or escape for the air in said sealing space, or

or gases from moltenor hot sealing material. It has been found that detective seals result from air or vapor becoming entrapped or occluded in the sealing material 'whichtorm cells or pores in the seal when, the latter has, solidified, such cells or pores in the seal forming or giving rise to leakage. By the provision of the vent opening 19, the air or other gas in the sealing space is driven out of the sealing space as the sealing materialentersand without being entrappedby the latter, and the flow of the sealing material is not checked or, interrupted -Theopening 18 for the introduction of the sealing material may be in the pasteboard, corrugated board, asbestos paperaweasee bell-portion of the-envelope as-l'sh'own, or

partly in said bellportion-fand partly "in shoulder portion 10, or .wholly' in '-'shoulder portion 10, as desired. Obviously openings 18 and 19 [need not be'jinade nor-the envelope weakened thereforat-the" time the envelope is manufactured, since the workman may make such openings at the timeof making the joint. The envelope or sleeveinay-= be made of suitable paper, orpaper'board,

or board, or paper containing asbestos, or

made-heat resisting forfuse with hot or I molten sealing material, or such envelopes may be made of sheet metal, and maybe formed in any suitable and convenientinanner, as by presslng in a die or mold, 'or 1 otherwise. Atter the sealing material has solidified or hardened the envelope may be removed, as by cutting itaway, or it may be left in place.

The manner of placing the envelopefwilh' it is believed he understood] It may be pushed over a spigot end of apipe until sealed' andlthe sealingmaterial is setting or hardening. It will be understoodthat the sealing material is ofa character suited to 'yiscous,-sothat it willfiow around the sealing spa'c'e, and will harden and set. Various {kinds of sealingmaterial may be used, such ascement, or" bituminous composition, tar, pitch, or other compositions, or molten metal, such as lead or alloy, which may be poured or pumped into the envelope through the gate opening therein.

Various ehangesor modifications of the forms shown herein may be made without departing from the principles of my invent-ion.

- I claim 1. .A device" of the character described comprising art-envelope or sleeve having twoportions of-respectively less and greater diameters, the portion of greater diameter adapted tocl'osely embrace the bell of a pipe said end projects part way into its bell portion, said'bell portion: is then pushed over the bell of anxadjacent pipesection'iintil the that its bell portion 8 closely embraces andsurrounds said bell. In pushing the parts comprising an envelope'or sleeve adapted to into place the shoulder portion 10 of the" envelope will tend to assume a-more rectangular or vertical position with respect to the )i )e owin to the friction between-the envelope and pipe sections, thus tending to cause the envelope to constrict and embrace the pipe sections more tightly. I

If desired a gasket 20,"such as shown'in Fig. 8, maybe used toseal the'mouth of thebelland closethe sealing space, and this gasket, being of a tapered or triangular" form in cross section is readily forced into position to make a close packing. An opening 21 may be made through said gasket to admit the sealing material. Such gasket may be used either with or without the envelope or sleeve.

It will be apparent that my invention provides an efiicient means for readily making sealed pipe joints. The envelope or sleeve encloses the joint and the parts about it, effectively preventing the entrance of soil or earth either to the interior of the pipe, or to the sealing space, keeping the latter free from foreign matter that would tend to cause a defect in the seal. At the same time the spigot is centered in the bell, and the pipe sections are supported and held in axial alinement without danger of shifting or getting out of place While the joint is being section itl'ld' the portion of less diameter adaptedto closelyembrace the spigot end of a" pipe inserted in said bell, said sleeve having an-opening for the introduction of sealing'material, and a deflecting guide for the 'sealing'material ad acent said opening. 2. A device of the 'character described closely embrace and '.-surround both the spigotand bell ends of adjacent pipe sections' placed for jointing, a weakened area in. said envelope for deflecting a portion thereof inwardlyto form an opening therein, the defiectedportion forming a deflector or guide for the sealing material introduced through said openin A device of the *character described comprising an elastic envelope or sleeve formed to closely embrace and surround -looth-.the spigot and bell ends of adjacent pipe sections placed 'forjointing, said envelope adapted to-form with the bell of the 'piperanfinclosed sealed space around said spigotfor the reception of sealing material, the material of said envelope being preferable to form an opening for the introduction of sealing material, and a second opening adjacent the first for inspection and venting of air or vapor from said sealing space.

4:. A device of the character described comprising a sleeve or envelope substantially cylindrical in form, one end portion of said sleeve of larger diameter to closely embrace the bell end of a pipe section, the other end portion of said sleeve of smaller diametel to closely embrace the spigot end of a pipe section placed for jointing in said bell, an intermediate shoulder portion of said sleeve continuous with and uniting said end portions, said end portions tapering respectively outwardly as and for the purpose described, means in the portion of the envelope adjacent the bell for forming an opening therein for admitting sealing material, and

means for. forming an adjacent opening for inspection and vent.

5. A device for forming pipe joints comprising a sleeve or envelope having one end portion formed to closely embrace and surround the mouth of the bell end of a pipe section, the other end portion of said sleeve of less diameter and coaxial with the first end portion, the end portion of less diameter forming an alining and centering sup port for the spigot end of a pipe section to be jointed in said-bell of the adjacent pipe section, and means for forming pouring and vent or inspection openings in said sleeve for the joint sealing material.

6. Means for making and sealing pipe joints, said means comprising the combination with the bell and spigot ends of adjacent pipe sections of an envelope or sleeve closely embracing and surrounding both said I ends of the pipe sections, a gate or opening for introducing fluidsealing material to the interior of said sleeve and between the sa1d spigot and bell, a deflector adjacent said the shoulder of the bell, supporting and alining means for said spigot consisting of. a sleeve or envelope closely embracing and surrounding the bell of the pipe section and having a reduced portion in which the spigot end of the pipe section is supported a in alinement with the adjacent pipe section,

said reduced sleeve portion closely embracing and surrounding said spigot end and closing the seallng space between the same and said bell, a gate in said envelope for the introduction of sealing material into said 7 sealing space, a deflector: for thesealing material leading inwardly from said gate, and y a vent and inspection opening in proximity to said gate.

8. Means for making .and'sealing pipe joints comprising the combination with the bell and spigot ends of adjacent pipe sections of ajcompressible packing gasket secured to the end of said spigot over the surfaces of the same that contactwith theinterior of the bell, an elastic sleeve er envelope surrounding both said spigot and bell ends ofthe pipe sections and forming tight joints therewith, said envelope supporting velope having weakened areasjtherein adjacent the mouth of the bell, one of said Weakened areas adapted to be pushed inwardly to form a pouring opening for the sealing material with a deflector or guidefor circumferentially directing said sealing material, and the other of said areas removable for forming a vent and inspection opening.

9. A device for formingpipe joints consisting of a sleeve or envelope of paper or like material formed and adapted to closely embrace and surround both the vspigot and bell ends of adjacent pipesections, said envelope having an intermediate portion for closing the sealing space between said pipe sections adjacent the mouth of. the bell, a portion of said envelope forming both 'a gate opening therein and an adjacent deflecting tongue, and a portion of said envelope removable to form a sight opening.

10. Means for formingpipe joints comprising the combination with adjacent bell and spigot ends of pipe sections, of a gasket at the end of said spigot, means on said gasket to retain said gasket on the spigot, said means also forming a centering device for the end of the, spigot, in the bell, and an envelope surrounding both said spigot and bell and closing. the sealing space therebetween.

MARTIN P. DEMING;

said pipe sections in alinement, said en- 

